流平劑涂料因素助劑

流平劑影響涂料(liao)(liao)流(liu)平性的(de)因(yin)素(su)有很多(duo)，比如溶(rong)劑(ji)的(de)揮發梯(ti)度(du)和(he)(he)溶(rong)解(jie)性能、涂料(liao)(liao)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力、濕膜(mo)厚(hou)度(du)和(he)(he)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力梯(ti)度(du)、涂料(liao)(liao)的(de)流(liu)變性、施工工藝和(he)(he)環境等，其中較為(wei)重要(yao)的(de)因(yin)素(su)是涂料(liao)(liao)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力、成膜(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)中濕膜(mo)產生的(de)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力梯(ti)度(du)和(he)(he)濕膜(mo)表層(ceng)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力均勻化能力。

改善涂料(liao)的(de)(de)流平(ping)性需(xu)要考(kao)慮調整配方和加入合(he)適的(de)(de)助劑，使涂料(liao)具有合(he)適的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面張(zhang)力(li)和降(jiang)低表(biao)(biao)面張(zhang)力(li)梯度的(de)(de)能力(li)。

常用的防縮孔流平劑

溶劑類流平劑主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是高(gao)(gao)沸點(dian)(dian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)混合(he)物。溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)僅借(jie)助增加溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以降低粘(zhan)度來(lai)改(gai)善流(liu)平(ping)(ping)性(xing)(xing)，將使涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)固體份下降并導致流(liu)掛等弊病(bing)；或者保持溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)含量，只(zhi)加入(ru)高(gao)(gao)沸點(dian)(dian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以調(diao)整揮發(fa)(fa)速度來(lai)改(gai)善流(liu)平(ping)(ping)，干燥時(shi)間也相應延長。故此兩方案均不理想。只(zhi)有(you)加入(ru)高(gao)(gao)沸點(dian)(dian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)混合(he)物，顯示(shi)各種遞增特性(xing)(xing)（揮發(fa)(fa)指數、蒸餾曲線、溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解能力）較為理想。溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)類流(liu)平(ping)(ping)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)成分(fen)是各種高(gao)(gao)沸點(dian)(dian)的混合(he)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，具有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解性(xing)(xing)，也是顏料(liao)良(liang)好(hao)的潤濕劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。常溫固化涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)由(you)于溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)揮發(fa)(fa)太快，涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)粘(zhan)度提高(gao)(gao)過快妨礙流(liu)動(dong)而造(zao)成刷痕，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)揮發(fa)(fa)導致基料(liao)的溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解性(xing)(xing)變差而產(chan)(chan)生的縮孔，或在(zai)烘(hong)烤型涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)中產(chan)(chan)生沸痕、起(qi)泡等弊病(bing)采(cai)用(yong)這類助劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是很有(you)效的。另外采(cai)用(yong)高(gao)(gao)沸點(dian)(dian)流(liu)平(ping)(ping)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)調(diao)整揮發(fa)(fa)速度，還可(ke)克服泛白弊病(bing)。